📡
Frequency
2003 MHz
Frequency
2003 MHz
🧭
Range
1980–2010 MHz
Range
1980–2010 MHz
🧩
Band Group
L‑Band
Band Group
L‑Band
🌐 Summary
The 2003 MHz allocation is part of the L‑Band spectrum. This range is used worldwide for critical applications that keep our communications and infrastructure running smoothly. On this page we highlight how each band is applied in real systems, from regulatory assignments to everyday devices. Our goal is to make spectrum data clear and practical for engineers, regulators, and enthusiasts alike.
Key uses of this band include: The 1981-2010 MHz range has different allocations by region. Europe/Asia/Africa use this as Band 1 uplink (mobile devices transmitting to base stations) extending from 1920-2025 MHz. Americas use 1981-1990 MHz as Band 2 downlink continuation (base stations transmitting to mobile devices). This creates opposite transmission directions at the same frequencies. Band 1 is the primary global IMT band with billions of devices. Technologies include 3G UMTS, 4G LTE, and 5G NR..
Band 1 uplink (Europe/Asia) and Band 2 downlink extension (Americas). Regional allocation differences create opposite transmission directions at same frequencies.
🔍 Explore the full RF Spectrum database
📡 Band & Geometry key
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Wavelength (m) | 0.14967172141787 |
| Waveforms | Europe/Asia: SC-FDMA (uplink); Americas: OFDMA (downlink) |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | Europe/Asia: Internal smartphone antennas; Americas: Macro panel antennas (BS) |
| Band Family | IMT-2000 / UMTS (Band 1 uplink); PCS 1900 (Band 2 downlink Americas) |
| Band | IMT-2000 (2 GHz band) |
| Primary Common Name | Band 1 Uplink (Europe/Asia 1980-2025); Band 2 DL continuation (Americas 1981-1990) |
| FSPL @ 1 km [dB] | 98.48 |
| FSPL @ 10 km [dB] | 118.48 |
| Fresnel Radius @ 1 km (m) | 6.117 |
| Band Group | L‑Band |
| Tax Band Family | IMT-2000 (Band 1 uplink); PCS 1900 (Band 2 Americas) |
| Tax Band Class | Terrestrial Mobile Uplink (Europe/Asia); Downlink (Americas) (Mobitex) |
🧩 Applications & Usage
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Primary Application | Europe/Asia: Mobile uplink (UE → BS) for voice, data, IoT; Americas: Base station downlink (BS → UE) continuation |
| Lower Neighbor Use | PCS/Band 2 (Americas); Band 1 continuation (Europe/Asia) |
| Upper Neighbor Use | Band 1 extended (2010-2025); Band 1 DL at 2110+ |
| Typical Services Devices | Smartphones, tablets, cellular modems, IoT devices, wearables, connected vehicles |
| Market Common Devices | User equipment (transmit): smartphones, tablets, IoT modules, mobile hotspots; Base stations (receive) |
| Refarming Use | 3G→4G→5G evolution; Band 1 primary band globally |
| Device Ecosystem Size | Very large: billions of Band 1 devices globally; hundreds of millions of Band 2 devices |
| Device Hotspots (MHz) | LTE EARFCN varies by operator; 5G NR ARFCNs per TS 38.104 |
| Device Category | Smartphones, tablets, cellular modems, IoT modules, wearables, automotive |
| Typical Use Cases | Europe/Asia: Mobile device transmission to towers; Americas: Tower transmission to devices |
| Modulation (Device) | Europe/Asia: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM (UE uplink); Americas: QPSK to 256-QAM (BS downlink) |
| Channel Width (Device) [kHz] | 1400-20000 kHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR) |
| Device Region Profiles | Europe/Asia: Band 1 universal; Americas: Band 2 support varies by frequency extension |
| Per-Region EIRP Or Duty (Device) | Europe/Asia: UE +24 dBm max; Americas: BS 43-49 dBm |
| Allocation Relevance (Device) | Critical: primary uplink band for Europe/Asia cellular; important DL extension for Americas Band 2 |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | Low with proper filtering; Europe/Asia: adjacent to Band 1 DL at 2110+; Americas: adjacent to other PCS |
| Example Devices Or Skus | Smartphones: iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Google Pixel; Tablets; Cellular IoT modules; M2M devices |
| Common Protocols | 3GPP Band 1 (Europe/Asia); 3GPP Band 2 (Americas extension) |
🗒️ Notes
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Receiver Selectivity Notes | ACS (Adjacent Channel Selectivity): ≥33 dB per 3GPP TS 36.101 for Band 1 |
| Interference Notes | Europe/Asia: UE transmit power control critical; Americas: BS emission limits to protect Band 1 DL |
| Compatibility Risk Notes | 0 |
| Notes | Band 1 uplink (Europe/Asia) and Band 2 downlink extension (Americas). Regional allocation differences create opposite transmission directions at same frequencies. |
| Propagation Notes | Good mid-band propagation at 2 GHz; moderate building penetration; FSPL ~98 dB @ 1 km |
⚙️ Technical Rules
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Lower Band Frequency Limit | 1980 |
| Upper Band Frequency Limit | 2010 |
| EIRP Indoor Limits | UE: +23 dBm (power class 3); +24 dBm (power class 2); up to +31 dBm (power class 1) |
| EIRP Outdoor Limits | UE: +23 dBm typical (power class 3); +26 dBm (power class 2); +31 dBm (power class 1) |
| PSD Limit | Europe/Asia: UE transmit PSD limits per 3GPP; Americas: BS transmit per FCC Part 27 |
| Emission Mask Class | Europe/Asia: UE Category B; Americas: BS Category A |
| Guardband Minimum [kHz] | 200 kHz (LTE resource block edges); varies with channel bandwidth |
| Typical Bandwidths | Europe/Asia: 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR); Americas: varies by operator |
| Autocalculated Bandlimits | 1980-2010 MHz (this segment) |
| Typical Bandwidths (Estimated) | Europe/Asia: 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR); Americas: varies by operator |
| Max EIRP [dBm] | Europe/Asia: UE +24 dBm max; Americas: BS 43-49 dBm |
| Power Source Or Duty Profile (Typical) | Europe/Asia: Battery-powered UE (mobile devices); Americas: Grid-powered BS with battery backup |
| Channelization Plan | ITU IMT channelization; 3GPP Band 1 plan |
| Channelization | LTE: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz; 5G NR: flexible channelization |
| Guard Band Requirement | Emission masks per 3GPP TS 36.104/38.104 |
| OOB Emission Limit [dBm/MHz] | Europe/Asia: -13 dBm/MHz @ ±2.5 MHz (UE); Americas: -13 dBm/MHz (BS) |
| Spurious Emission Limit (dBm) | Europe/Asia: UE limits per TS 36.101; Americas: BS limits per FCC Part 27 |
| RX Blocking Min [dBm] | Europe/Asia: BS -43 dBm (receiving UE); Americas: UE -43 dBm (receiving BS) |
| Duplexing | Europe/Asia: FDD uplink (UE → BS); Americas: FDD downlink (BS → UE) |
| Duplexing Information | Downlink (space‑to‑Earth) |
| Uplink Pairing | Europe/Asia: This IS the uplink paired with 2110-2170 DL; Americas: Paired with 1850-1910 UL |
| Downlink Pairing | |
| Paired Band Info | Europe/Asia: Paired with 2110-2170 MHz downlink (Band 1); 95 MHz duplex gap |
| Max EIRP [dBm] | Europe/Asia: UE +24 dBm (250 mW) max; Americas: BS 43-49 dBm conducted power |
| Channelization Block Size | 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR) |
| 3GPP Band Number | |
| Example 3GPP Bands | Band 1 (IMT 2100: UL 1920-1980, DL 2110-2170); Band 2 (PCS 1900: UL 1850-1910, DL 1930-1990) in Americas |
| LTE Uplink Bands | Band 1 (1920-1980 MHz UL), Band 2 (1850-1910 MHz UL in Americas) |
| LTE Downlink Bands | Paired with Band 1 DL (2110-2170 MHz), Band 2 DL (1930-1990 MHz) |
| NR Uplink Bands | n1 (1920-1980 MHz UL), n2 (1850-1910 MHz UL in Americas) |
| NR Downlink Bands | Paired with n1 DL (2110-2170 MHz), n2 DL (1930-1990 MHz) |
| Guard Bands | Region-specific: emission masks per 3GPP TS 36.104; guard requirements at 2010/2020/2025 MHz edges |
| Protocol Or Standard | 3GPP TS 36.101 (Band 1); TS 38.101 (5G NR n1/n2) |
🌎 Country Overrides
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Tax Service Category | Terrestrial Mobile (IMT) |
| Tax License Type | Licensed exclusive |
| Tax Regions | Global (with regional direction differences) |
| ITU Region 1 (Europe, Africa, Middle East (west of Persian Gulf), Western Russia & Mongolia) | IMT (Mobile Service) – Band 1 uplink |
| ITU Region 2 (North America, South America, Central America, Caribbean, Greenland, Eastern Pacific Islands (Americas region)) | Mixed allocation: IMT and PCS depending on country |
| ITU Region 3 (Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands, Oceania, Indian Subcontinent, East Asia & Southeast Asia) | IMT (Mobile Service) – Band 1 uplink |
| License Type | Licensed exclusive-use spectrum |
| Primary Application | Europe/Asia: Mobile uplink (UE → BS) for voice, data, IoT; Americas: Base station downlink (BS → UE) continuation |
| Primary Services | Europe/Asia: Mobile uplink (voice, data, IoT); Americas: Mobile downlink (1981-1990) |
| Spurious Emission [dBm] | Europe/Asia: UE limits per TS 36.101; Americas: BS limits per FCC Part 27 |
| Lower Neighbor Use | PCS/Band 2 (Americas); Band 1 continuation (Europe/Asia) |
| Upper Neighbor Use | Band 1 extended (2010-2025); Band 1 DL at 2110+ |
| Licensing Model | Licensed (mobile network operators); Band 1 is primary global IMT band |
| Typical Services Devices | Smartphones, tablets, cellular modems, IoT devices, wearables, connected vehicles |
| US FCC Alloc | MOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz in some areas); varies by license– |
| CA IC Alloc | MOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz)– |
| UK Ofcom Alloc | MOBILE (primary) – Band 1 uplink (1920-2010 MHz)– |
| US Ref | 47 CFR Part 27 (AWS/PCS); 3GPP TS 25.101 (UMTS), TS 36.101 (LTE Band 1); ITU-R M.1457 |
| Typical Bandwidths | Europe/Asia: 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR); Americas: varies by operator |
| Market Licensing Model | Competitive auctions; technology-neutral licenses |
| Market Common Devices | User equipment (transmit): smartphones, tablets, IoT modules, mobile hotspots; Base stations (receive) |
| Fresnel Radius (1st, 1 km) [m] | 6.117 |
| Typical Bandwidths (Estimated) | Europe/Asia: 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR); Americas: varies by operator |
| Auction Status | Fully licensed; part of IMT-2000 allocations from early 2000s |
| Refarming Use | 3G→4G→5G evolution; Band 1 primary band globally |
| Typical Site Spacing km | Europe/Asia: 0.5-2 km (uplink limited); Americas: 0.5-2 km (macro cells) / Europe/Asia: 5-15 km; Americas: 5-15 km, up to 35 km remote |
| Device Ecosystem Size | Very large: billions of Band 1 devices globally; hundreds of millions of Band 2 devices |
| Traffic Load Share | Europe/Asia: High (primary uplink band); Americas: Moderate (Band 2 extension) |
| Device Hotspots (MHz) | LTE EARFCN varies by operator; 5G NR ARFCNs per TS 38.104 |
| Device Category | Smartphones, tablets, cellular modems, IoT modules, wearables, automotive |
| Typical Use Cases | Europe/Asia: Mobile device transmission to towers; Americas: Tower transmission to devices |
| Typical Center Frequencies [MHz] | 1980-2010 MHz (this file); extends 2010-2025 in some regions |
| Rule Part (Fcc Or Region) | ITU-R M.1036 (IMT); CEPT ECC; FCC Part 27 (Americas) |
| Modulation (Device) | Europe/Asia: QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM (UE uplink); Americas: QPSK to 256-QAM (BS downlink) |
| Channel Width (Device) [kHz] | 1400-20000 kHz (LTE); flexible (5G NR) |
| Device Region Profiles | Europe/Asia: Band 1 universal; Americas: Band 2 support varies by frequency extension |
| Per-Region EIRP Or Duty (Device) | Europe/Asia: UE +24 dBm max; Americas: BS 43-49 dBm |
| Allocation Relevance (Device) | Critical: primary uplink band for Europe/Asia cellular; important DL extension for Americas Band 2 |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | Low with proper filtering; Europe/Asia: adjacent to Band 1 DL at 2110+; Americas: adjacent to other PCS |
| Example Devices Or Skus | Smartphones: iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Google Pixel; Tablets; Cellular IoT modules; M2M devices |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | Europe/Asia: Internal smartphone antennas; Americas: Macro panel antennas (BS) |
| Power Source Or Duty Profile (Typical) | Europe/Asia: Battery-powered UE (mobile devices); Americas: Grid-powered BS with battery backup |
🛡️ Regulatory & Neighbors
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Lower Band Frequency Limit | 1980 |
| Upper Band Frequency Limit | 2010 |
| Rx Blocking Min dBm | Europe/Asia: BS -43 dBm (receiving UE); Americas: UE -43 dBm (receiving BS) |
| Lower Neighbor Use | PCS/Band 2 (Americas); Band 1 continuation (Europe/Asia) |
| Upper Neighbor Use | Band 1 extended (2010-2025); Band 1 DL at 2110+ |
| Lower Neighbor Band | Band 2 / Band 1 lower portion |
| Lower Neighbor Range | 1920-1980 MHz |
| Upper Neighbor Label | Band 1 extension / Band 1 DL |
| Upper Neighbor Range | 2010-2025 MHz (uplink); 2110-2170 MHz (downlink) |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | Low with proper filtering; Europe/Asia: adjacent to Band 1 DL at 2110+; Americas: adjacent to other PCS |
| Real-World Range (Indoor/Outdoor) | Europe/Asia: Uplink-limited (10-35 km); Americas: BS coverage 0.5-35 km |
| US FCC Alloc | MOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz in some areas); varies by licenseMOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz in some areas); varies by license |
| CA IC Alloc | MOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz)MOBILE (Band 2 extension 1981-1990 MHz) |
| UK Ofcom Alloc | MOBILE (primary) – Band 1 uplink (1920-2010 MHz)MOBILE (primary) – Band 1 uplink (1920-2010 MHz) |
| Regulatory References | US: 47 CFR Part 27 (AWS/PCS); 3GPP TS 25.101 (UMTS), TS 36.101 (LTE Band 1); ITU-R M.1457; CA: ISED Canada SRSP-513; 3GPP TS 36.101 (Band 1); ITU-R M.1457; UK: Ofcom IR 2000; 3GPP TS 36.101 (Band 1); ETSI EN 301 908 |
| Global Harmonization | NOT harmonized: Europe/Asia use as uplink (Band 1); Americas use as downlink (Band 2 extension 1981-1990) |
| Crossborder Coordination | Required in Europe (EU coordination); US-Canada border for Band 2 extension |
| Sharing Mechanism | No sharing – exclusive licensed spectrum per operator |
| Auction Status | Fully licensed; part of IMT-2000 allocations from early 2000s |
| Guard Or Pair | Paired (FDD) |
📈 Market & Measurements
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Noise Floor | Thermal: -174 dBm/Hz + 10*log10(BW) = -104 dBm (10 MHz); -107 dBm (20 MHz) |
| Interference Cases | Europe/Asia: Manage uplink IMD; Americas: Adjacent channel to Band 1 downlink (2110+) |
| Lower Neighbor Range | 1920-1980 MHz |
| Upper Neighbor Range | 2010-2025 MHz (uplink); 2110-2170 MHz (downlink) |
| Interference Notes | Europe/Asia: UE transmit power control critical; Americas: BS emission limits to protect Band 1 DL |
| Market Licensing Model | Competitive auctions; technology-neutral licenses |
| Market Commercial Value | High – primary global cellular uplink band (Europe/Asia); moderate value in Americas (Band 2 extension) |
| Market Common Devices | User equipment (transmit): smartphones, tablets, IoT modules, mobile hotspots; Base stations (receive) |
| Market Deployment Density | Very dense (Europe/Asia Band 1); moderate (Americas Band 2 extension) |
| Noise Floor (Estimated) | Thermal: -174 dBm/Hz + 10*log10(BW) = -104 dBm (10 MHz); -107 dBm (20 MHz) |
| Market Commercial Value (Estimated) | High – primary global cellular uplink band (Europe/Asia); moderate value in Americas (Band 2 extension) |
| Ecosystem Maturity | Very mature: Band 1 deployed since early 2000s (UMTS); extensive device support globally |
| Indoor Penetration | Moderate at 2 GHz; 10-20 dB building loss |
| Known Interference | Cross-border interference (Europe/Asia); IMD from concurrent multi-band operation; in-building DAS isolation |
| Device Ecosystem Size | Very large: billions of Band 1 devices globally; hundreds of millions of Band 2 devices |
| Real-World Range (Indoor/Outdoor) | Europe/Asia: Uplink-limited (10-35 km); Americas: BS coverage 0.5-35 km |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | Europe/Asia: Internal smartphone antennas; Americas: Macro panel antennas (BS) |
| Ecosystem Maturity | Very mature: Band 1 deployed since early 2000s (UMTS); extensive device support globally |
| Device Ecosystem Size | Very large: billions of Band 1 devices globally; hundreds of millions of Band 2 devices |
| Chipset Availability | High – universal Band 1 support in all modern chipsets |
| Operator Deployments | Europe/Asia: Vodafone, Orange, Telefonica, China Mobile, China Unicom, NTT DoCoMo; Americas: AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile (1981-1990 Band 2 extension) |
| Technology Generations Deployed | Europe/Asia: 3G UMTS, 4G LTE Band 1, 5G NR n1; Americas: LTE Band 2, 5G NR n2 (where extended) |
| Roaming Support | Extensive Band 1 roaming (Europe/Asia/Africa/parts of Americas); limited Band 2 extension roaming |
| Traffic Load Share | Europe/Asia: High (primary uplink band); Americas: Moderate (Band 2 extension) |
| Indoor Penetration | Moderate at 2 GHz; 10-20 dB building loss |
| Known Interference | Cross-border interference (Europe/Asia); IMD from concurrent multi-band operation; in-building DAS isolation |
| Occupancy | Very high (>85% urban Europe/Asia); moderate-high (60-80% Americas where Band 2 extended) |
| Occupancy Bucket Pct | 85-95% (Europe/Asia urban); 60-80% (Americas where extended) |
| Latency Profile | Low: <10 ms (LTE); <1 ms (5G URLLC) |
| Common Channels Or Profiles | LTE: EARFCN per TS 36.104; 5G NR: ARFCN per TS 38.104 |
| Security Features | LTE/5G encryption; SIM/eSIM authentication; network slicing |
| Lbt Or Fhss Requirement | Not required (licensed exclusive-use spectrum) |
| Popularity (Installed Base) | Very high: billions of Band 1 devices; hundreds of millions Band 2 devices |
| Coexistence Tips | Europe/Asia: Power control for uplink; Americas: Coordinate BS power with adjacent operators |
| Latency Class | Low latency capable |
| Device Hotspots (Scoped && Tagged) | High activity: 1980-2010 MHz (Band 1 upper uplink); 1981-1990 (Band 2 Americas extension) |