📡
Frequency
924 MHz
Frequency
924 MHz
🧭
Range
902–928 MHz
Range
902–928 MHz
🧩
Band Group
UHF (300–1000 MHz)
Band Group
UHF (300–1000 MHz)
🌐 Summary
The 924 MHz allocation is part of the UHF (300–1000 MHz) spectrum. This range is used worldwide for critical applications that keep our communications and infrastructure running smoothly. On this page we highlight how each band is applied in real systems, from regulatory assignments to everyday devices. Our goal is to make spectrum data clear and practical for engineers, regulators, and enthusiasts alike.
Key uses of this band include: 924 MHz: RFID, LoRaWAN, Sigfox, ISM devices, IoT; ISM (902–928): LoRa/IoT, FHSS, WiFi variants; LTE/NR/GSM handsets; LPWAN sensors/meters/trackers; inventory, access control, asset tracking; utility metering, AMI backhaul.
902–928 MHz ISM band (Region 2): unlicensed SRD/IoT (LoRa/FSK/ FHSS, Zigbee), RFID; 33‑cm amateur secondary use.
🔍 Explore the full RF Spectrum database
📡 Band & Geometry key
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Wavelength (m) | 0.325 |
| Waveforms | LoRa, FSK, FHSS, RFID EPC Gen2, LPWAN |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | ¼-wave ≈ 8.12 cm |
| Band Family | ISM/IoT |
| Band | ISM (915 MHz) |
| Primary Common Name | ISM band (915 MHz center) |
| FSPL @ 1 km [dB] | 91.753439424402 |
| FSPL @ 10 km [dB] | 111.7534394244 |
| Fresnel Radius @ 1 km (m) | 9.0091103480904 |
| Band Group | UHF (300–1000 MHz) |
| Tax Band Family | UHF |
| Tax Band Class | 900 MHz GSM/ISM (896–960) |
🧩 Applications & Usage
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Primary Application | RFID, LoRaWAN, Sigfox, ISM devices, IoT |
| Lower Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Uplink segment |
| Upper Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Downlink segment |
| Typical Services Devices | ISM (902–928): LoRa/IoT, FHSS, WiFi variants |
| Market Common Devices | LTE/NR/GSM handsets |
| Refarming Use | Yes (GSM→LTE→NR) |
| Device Ecosystem Size | High (>1000 models) |
| Device Hotspots (MHz) | 903.9–927.5 (US plan) |
| Device Category | LoRa / LoRaWAN; UHF RFID (EPC Gen2); Smart Meter / RFLAN |
| Typical Use Cases | LPWAN sensors/meters/trackers; inventory, access control, asset tracking; utility metering, AMI backhaul |
| Modulation (Device) | LoRa (CSS); Reader: ASK/PR-ASK; Tag: backscatter; FSK/O-QPSK (802.15.4g) |
| Channel Width (Device) [kHz] | 125–500; 200–500; 50–200 |
| Device Region Profiles | EU: 868; US: 902–928; AU/NZ: 915–928; AS923 variants; EU 865–868; US 902–928; US 902–928; EU 868 |
| Per-Region EIRP Or Duty (Device) | EU ≤14 dBm; US up to 30 dBm class (gateway); EU ≤33 dBm EIRP; US up to 36 dBm EIRP (typical); Region-specific; low duty at endpoints |
| Allocation Relevance (Device) | ISM LPWAN allocations; SRD/ISM allocations; ISM allocations enable fixed network |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | 915 MHz overlaps Z-Wave/RFID/smart meters; Collision with LoRa/Z-Wave/smart meters in 915 band; 915 MHz congestion with LoRa/RFID/Z-Wave |
| Example Devices Or Skus | LoRaWAN Gateways, RFID Readers, Smart Meters |
| Common Protocols | LoRa (915 MHz); FHSS ISM; UHF RFID (EPC Gen2) |
🗒️ Notes
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Receiver Selectivity Notes | – |
| Interference Notes | Crowded; duty cycle/regulatory constraints |
| Compatibility Risk Notes | High congestion (unlicensed) |
| Notes | 902–928 MHz ISM band (Region 2): unlicensed SRD/IoT (LoRa/FSK/ FHSS, Zigbee), RFID; 33‑cm amateur secondary use. |
| Propagation Notes | Strong coverage, good indoor penetration |
⚙️ Technical Rules
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Lower Band Frequency Limit | 902 |
| Upper Band Frequency Limit | 928 |
| EIRP Indoor Limits | ≤36 dBm EIRP typical (US tech‑dependent) |
| EIRP Outdoor Limits | ≤36 dBm EIRP typical (US tech‑dependent) |
| PSD Limit | FHSS/DTS per rule |
| Emission Mask Class | ISM unlicensed / SRD |
| Guardband Minimum [kHz] | 1000 |
| Typical Bandwidths | ~125 kHz (LoRa), 1/5/10/20 MHz WiFi |
| Autocalculated Bandlimits | No |
| Typical Bandwidths (Estimated) | ~125 kHz (LoRa), 1/5/10/20 MHz WiFi |
| Max EIRP [dBm] | EU ≤14 dBm; US up to 30 dBm class (gateway); EU ≤33 dBm EIRP; US up to 36 dBm EIRP (typical); Region-specific; low duty at endpoints |
| Power Source Or Duty Profile (Typical) | Battery sensors; mains gateways; Mains readers; passive tags; Mains-powered endpoints and relays |
| Channelization Plan | ~125 kHz (LoRa), 1/5/10/20 MHz WiFi |
| Channelization | LoRa 125/250/500 kHz; FHSS 50–500 kHz; RFID 200 kHz |
| Guard Band Requirement | – |
| OOB Emission Limit [dBm/MHz] | -13 (baseline) |
| Spurious Emission Limit (dBm) | -30 (baseline) |
| RX Blocking Min [dBm] | -15 (planning) |
| Duplexing | TDD |
| Duplexing Information | Simplex / TDD |
| Uplink Pairing | – |
| Downlink Pairing | – |
| Paired Band Info | – |
| Max EIRP [dBm] | – |
| Channelization Block Size | Varies (25/50/200 kHz for FHSS, 1–5 MHz WiFi) |
| 3GPP Band Number | |
| Example 3GPP Bands | – |
| LTE Uplink Bands | – |
| LTE Downlink Bands | – |
| NR Uplink Bands | – |
| NR Downlink Bands | – |
| Guard Bands | None (unlicensed) |
| Protocol Or Standard | LoRaWAN; EPC Gen2 / ISO 18000-6C; Proprietary FHSS / IEEE 802.15.4g |
🌎 Country Overrides
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Tax Service Category | Other / Various |
| Tax License Type | License-Exempt |
| Tax Regions | Global / Varies |
| ITU Region 1 (Europe, Africa, Middle East (west of Persian Gulf), Western Russia & Mongolia) | Fixed, Mobile |
| ITU Region 2 (North America, South America, Central America, Caribbean, Greenland, Eastern Pacific Islands (Americas region)) | Fixed, Mobile |
| ITU Region 3 (Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands, Oceania, Indian Subcontinent, East Asia & Southeast Asia) | Fixed, Mobile |
| License Type | Unlicensed/License-exempt (conditions apply); some lightly licensed |
| Primary Application | RFID, LoRaWAN, Sigfox, ISM devices, IoT |
| Primary Services | – |
| Spurious Emission [dBm] | -30 (baseline) |
| Lower Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Uplink segment |
| Upper Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Downlink segment |
| Licensing Model | Unlicensed (ISM, US) |
| Typical Services Devices | ISM (902–928): LoRa/IoT, FHSS, WiFi variants |
| US FCC Alloc | ISM 902–928 (Part 15)– |
| CA IC Alloc | ISM 902–928 (RSS-247)– |
| UK Ofcom Alloc | (SRD 868 preferred in UK/EU)– |
| US Ref | 47 CFR Part 15 (ISM) |
| Typical Bandwidths | ~125 kHz (LoRa), 1/5/10/20 MHz WiFi |
| Market Licensing Model | Auctioned (IMT) |
| Market Common Devices | LTE/NR/GSM handsets |
| Fresnel Radius (1st, 1 km) [m] | 9.0091103480904 |
| Typical Bandwidths (Estimated) | ~125 kHz (LoRa), 1/5/10/20 MHz WiFi |
| Auction Status | – |
| Refarming Use | Yes (GSM→LTE→NR) |
| Typical Site Spacing km | 2 / 8 |
| Device Ecosystem Size | High (>1000 models) |
| Traffic Load Share | Coverage-heavy, low capacity share |
| Device Hotspots (MHz) | 903.9–927.5 (US plan) |
| Device Category | LoRa / LoRaWAN; UHF RFID (EPC Gen2); Smart Meter / RFLAN |
| Typical Use Cases | LPWAN sensors/meters/trackers; inventory, access control, asset tracking; utility metering, AMI backhaul |
| Typical Center Frequencies [MHz] | EU 868 (125 kHz); US 915 (125/500 kHz); EU 433; EU 865–868; US 902–928; 902–928 (US); 868 (EU) |
| Rule Part (Fcc Or Region) | FCC Part 15.247; ETSI EN 300 220; FCC Part 15.247; ETSI EN 302 208 |
| Modulation (Device) | LoRa (CSS); Reader: ASK/PR-ASK; Tag: backscatter; FSK/O-QPSK (802.15.4g) |
| Channel Width (Device) [kHz] | 125–500; 200–500; 50–200 |
| Device Region Profiles | EU: 868; US: 902–928; AU/NZ: 915–928; AS923 variants; EU 865–868; US 902–928; US 902–928; EU 868 |
| Per-Region EIRP Or Duty (Device) | EU ≤14 dBm; US up to 30 dBm class (gateway); EU ≤33 dBm EIRP; US up to 36 dBm EIRP (typical); Region-specific; low duty at endpoints |
| Allocation Relevance (Device) | ISM LPWAN allocations; SRD/ISM allocations; ISM allocations enable fixed network |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | 915 MHz overlaps Z-Wave/RFID/smart meters; Collision with LoRa/Z-Wave/smart meters in 915 band; 915 MHz congestion with LoRa/RFID/Z-Wave |
| Example Devices Or Skus | LoRaWAN Gateways, RFID Readers, Smart Meters |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | ¼-wave ≈ 8.12 cm |
| Power Source Or Duty Profile (Typical) | Battery sensors; mains gateways; Mains readers; passive tags; Mains-powered endpoints and relays |
🛡️ Regulatory & Neighbors
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Lower Band Frequency Limit | 902 |
| Upper Band Frequency Limit | 928 |
| Rx Blocking Min dBm | -15 (planning) |
| Lower Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Uplink segment |
| Upper Neighbor Use | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Downlink segment |
| Lower Neighbor Band | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Uplink segment |
| Lower Neighbor Range | 895.000–901.000 MHz |
| Upper Neighbor Label | 900 MHz (Band 8) — Downlink segment |
| Upper Neighbor Range | 929.000–960.000 MHz |
| Adjacent-Band Collision Risks (Device) | 915 MHz overlaps Z-Wave/RFID/smart meters; Collision with LoRa/Z-Wave/smart meters in 915 band; 915 MHz congestion with LoRa/RFID/Z-Wave |
| Real-World Range (Indoor/Outdoor) | Urban 1–3 km; Suburban 2–10 km; Rural 10–20+ km; Gates/portals up to several meters; handheld shorter; Urban street-scale mesh; hub range hundreds of meters |
| US FCC Alloc | ISM 902–928 (Part 15)ISM 902–928 (Part 15) |
| CA IC Alloc | ISM 902–928 (RSS-247)ISM 902–928 (RSS-247) |
| UK Ofcom Alloc | (SRD 868 preferred in UK/EU)(SRD 868 preferred in UK/EU) |
| Regulatory References | US: 47 CFR Part 15 (ISM); CA: ISED RSS‑247 (LE‑LAN / DTS / FHSS); UK: Ofcom IR 2030 (SRD) |
| Global Harmonization | Global |
| Crossborder Coordination | High |
| Sharing Mechanism | – |
| Auction Status | – |
| Guard Or Pair | – |
📈 Market & Measurements
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Noise Floor | -110 dBm (est.) |
| Interference Cases | – |
| Lower Neighbor Range | 895.000–901.000 MHz |
| Upper Neighbor Range | 929.000–960.000 MHz |
| Interference Notes | Crowded; duty cycle/regulatory constraints |
| Market Licensing Model | Auctioned (IMT) |
| Market Commercial Value | High-value IMT band |
| Market Common Devices | LTE/NR/GSM handsets |
| Market Deployment Density | Dense urban/suburban |
| Noise Floor (Estimated) | -110 dBm (est.) |
| Market Commercial Value (Estimated) | High-value IMT band |
| Ecosystem Maturity | Mature |
| Indoor Penetration | Good |
| Known Interference | No major interference issues noted |
| Device Ecosystem Size | High (>1000 models) |
| Real-World Range (Indoor/Outdoor) | Urban 1–3 km; Suburban 2–10 km; Rural 10–20+ km; Gates/portals up to several meters; handheld shorter; Urban street-scale mesh; hub range hundreds of meters |
| Antenna Form Factor (Typical) | ¼-wave ≈ 8.12 cm |
| Ecosystem Maturity | Mature |
| Device Ecosystem Size | High (>1000 models) |
| Chipset Availability | Limited / TBD |
| Operator Deployments | Global consumer deployments |
| Technology Generations Deployed | Multiple / TBD |
| Roaming Support | – |
| Traffic Load Share | Coverage-heavy, low capacity share |
| Indoor Penetration | Good |
| Known Interference | No major interference issues noted |
| Occupancy | High |
| Occupancy Bucket Pct | 30–70% |
| Latency Profile | – |
| Common Channels Or Profiles | EU868: 863–870; US915: 902–928; EU433: 433.05–434.79; Reader channels regional; listen-before-talk in EU; FHSS sub-bands; utility-specific profiles |
| Security Features | AES-128 network/app keys; Reader–tag security varies by generation; AES-128 or stronger (utility) |
| Lbt Or Fhss Requirement | EU: LBT/duty-cycle; US: hopping/dwell; EU: LBT; US: hopping/dwell; FHSS/LBT as region requires |
| Popularity (Installed Base) | High |
| Coexistence Tips | Use sub-band plans; ADR; avoid continuous beacons; Directional antennas; duty limits; channel planning; Antenna height; avoid same sub-band as neighbors |
| Latency Class | Not critical / ALOHA; Low/Interactive (reader-driven); Not critical / scheduled |
| Device Hotspots (Scoped && Tagged) | – |
